A topic dermatitis also known as Eczema is a skin condition that is quite common in Australia. In this condition, skin is exposed to dryness, inflammation and irritation due to the compromised protective barrier. The condition worsens when this dryness and irritation on the skin leads to scratching. Hence this cycle of continuous itching and scratching won’t let the skin heal and makes it prone to repetitive eczema and damaged skin. This condition is not age-specific and can affect both children and adults. In Australia currently, 10-15% of people suffer from eczema. According to studies by the University of Melbourne, 1 out of three infants suffer from this condition. In children, eczema often appears in the first few years of life and chances of improvement increase as they get older. But still, eczema can either persist or appear later in life.

Major Types of Eczema:

There are different types of skin inflammatory conditions associated with a topic dermatitis. Every type of eczema has a unique characteristic and it impacts different age groups and also targets different parts of the body. Here are some of the major types of eczema:

• Contact Dermatitis: This type of dermatitis is caused when direct contact with the allergy or irritant has been made. For example, if an individual has an allergy to a specific food or material, the reaction of the body can result in the appearance of contact dermatitis.
• A topic Dermatitis: One of the most commonly found types of eczema which often begins in childhood. Some of the medical or genetic background of the family has an impact for example history of allergies or asthma can make an individual more exposed to a topic dermatitis. This typically appears on hands, face and inside the elbows, and knees.
• Dyshidrotic: Dermatitis: this type of eczema is triggered by stress. Hence this is usually found in adults where small, itchy blisters are formed on hands and feet.
• Nummular Eczema: Mostly older adults get this type of skin inflation where the coin-shaped patches appear on the skin. The major cause of this condition is linked to dryness, and environmental factors and if they have an atopic dermatitis history.
• Seborrhoeic Dermatitis: This type of skin dermatits is the cause of dandruff and impacts the scalp primarily. 

What Triggers the Eczema?

Atopic dermatitis flares up due to different causes but primarily, an individual’s health condition, environmental conditions and stress levels play a vital role in triggering eczema. Some of the major triggers for this skin condition are:

• Allergens: Some foods such as dairy products, nuts, eggs, seeds, soy, and wheat can trigger dermatitis in some individuals. Mould, pollen, pet dander, and dust mites can exacerbate A topic dermatitis, majorly in individuals with allergies.
• Irritants: Harsh soap and detergents that have harsh chemicals can irritate the skin causing inflammation.
• Fabric: Rough and synthetic fabrics including wool and polyester can cause inflammation or irritation. This is the reason why breathable fabrics are recommended for people with this condition.
• Environmental conditions: weather and climate changes have a direct impact on the skin. These changes can be caused by humidity and dry skin.
• Temperature: Hot or cold temperatures have an impact.
• Stress and genetics also trigger A topic dermatitis.
• Viral and Bacterial infractions: Skin infections caused by bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus can exacerbate dermatitis. Proper hygiene practices can help prevent this condition.
• Hormonal changes: Some of the hormonal changes such as during pregnancy and menstruation cause this skin condition in some individuals
• Changes in diet can also be the cause of this skin condition.

What Are The Symptoms Of Eczema?

Some of the common symptoms of atopic dermatitis also known as eczema include:

• Itching and Scratching: The most common symptom, which can be severe and persistent, often leading to scratching.
• Redness and Inflammation: Affected areas may become red, swollen, and warm due to inflammation.
• Dry and Scaly Skin: Skin can become dry, flaky, and rough, sometimes peeling.
• Blisters and Oozing: In more severe cases, small, fluid-filled blisters may develop, which can ooze or weep.
• Crusting: After blistering, the skin may crust over and form scabs.
• Skin Discoloration: The skin may appear lighter or darker in areas affected by dermatitis.
• Rash or Patches: A topic dermatitis often presents as red or brownish-grey patches, which may appear anywhere on the body.
• Thickened Skin: Areas subjected to frequent scratching may become thicker, known as lichenification.
• Cracking and Peeling: The skin may crack, especially in areas where it is thickened or very dry.
• Loss of Sleep: The intense itching can lead to discomfort and difficulty sleeping.

Some Tips to Control Eczema

While there is no cure for the skin condition still there are some strategies to control the spread and reduce the inflammation.

• Moisturising: Applying moisturiser regularly helps combat dryness and soothe itching.
• Avoiding Triggers: Identifying & steering clear of triggers like certain foods, allergens, or environmental factors can help minimise flare-ups.
• Gentle Skincare: Using gentle, fragrance-free cleansers and avoiding harsh products can prevent irritation.
• Topical Treatments: In some severe cases, doctors may prescribe topical corticosteroids or other medications to reduce inflammation.
• Antihistamines: Oral antihistamines help to reduce itching and improve sleep for those with A topic dermatitis.

Can Telehealth be Useful?

Is it best to see the doctor when you feel irritation on the skin? Telehealth can be useful if you want to manage this chronic condition using online repeat prescriptions, medical certificates for rest and also specialist referrals.